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GHG Emissions8 min read

Recording GHG Emissions (Scope 1, 2, 3)

How to log activity data, choose the right emission factor, and let SusDevOS calculate your tCO₂e — across all three scopes and all 15 Scope 3 categories.


Overview

SusDevOS calculates all GHG emissions server-side. You enter the activity quantity (kWh, litres, km, £ spend, etc.) and SusDevOS multiplies it by the correct emission factor and GWP value to produce a tCO₂e figure. You never enter a CO₂e value directly — if you do, it will be overwritten on save.

The formula is:

Emissions (kg CO₂e) = Quantity × Emission Factor × GWP₁₀₀

Creating an Emissions Record

  1. Navigate to Emissions → Records and click New Record.
  2. Set the Scope (1, 2, or 3).
  3. Select a Reporting Period — this links the record to an open GHG Inventory.
  4. Choose an Emission Factor from the library (DEFRA, EPA, or Climatiq).
  5. Enter the Quantity and select the Unit. SusDevOS converts to canonical units automatically before applying the factor.
  6. (Optional) Link the record to a Project or Land Parcel.
  7. Click Save. The tCO₂e figure appears immediately.

Scope 1 — Direct Emissions

Scope 1 covers emissions from sources owned or controlled by your organisation:

SourceUnit to enter
Natural gas (boilers, furnaces)kWh or m³
Company vehicles (petrol, diesel)litres or km
Refrigerant top-ups (HFCs)kg of refrigerant
Biomass combustiontonnes of fuel

Biogenic CO₂: If your Scope 1 includes biomass combustion, the biogenic CO₂ is calculated separately in BiogenicCO₂AmountTonnes. It does not appear in your GWP total — this is correct GHG Protocol behaviour. It is disclosed separately in your inventory report.


Scope 2 — Purchased Electricity, Heat, Steam

Scope 2 always produces two numbers: location-based and market-based. See the Scope 2 Dual Method guide for the full explanation.

To record Scope 2:

  1. Set Scope = 2 and select the Electricity subcategory.
  2. Enter kWh consumed.
  3. If you hold energy attribute certificates (REGOs, GOs, RECs), set the market-based emission factor to 0 or select your supplier's certified tariff.
  4. Both figures are calculated and stored automatically.

Scope 3 — Value Chain (all 15 categories)

SusDevOS supports all 15 Scope 3 categories from the GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain Standard. Common ones:

CategoryTypical input
1 — Purchased goods & services£ spend or tonnes of material
3 — Fuel- and energy-relatedkWh or litres (upstream factor applied)
4 — Upstream transportationtonne-km or £ spend
6 — Business travelkm by mode or £ spend
11 — Use of sold productskWh or units sold × in-use factor
15 — Investments£ invested × EXIOBASE factor

For spend-based Scope 3 categories, SusDevOS converts your spend to USD using the daily ECB exchange rate before applying the EXIOBASE factor. The exchange rate used is stored on every record for audit.


Choosing an Emission Factor

Open the Emission Factors library (sidebar → Emission Factors) to browse and search. Factors are organised by:

  • Source (DEFRA, EPA, Climatiq)
  • Category (fuel, electricity, transport, waste, etc.)
  • Unit (kWh, litres, km, £, kg, etc.)

If you can't find the right factor in the library, use the Climatiq integration to search the Climatiq database directly from Settings → Integrations.


GWP Dataset

By default, SusDevOS uses IPCC AR6 GWP100 values. You can switch to AR5 or AR4 in Settings → Calculation Settings if required by your reporting framework. Changing the dataset applies to all new calculations; existing records retain their original GWP until explicitly recalculated.