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GHG Emissions5 min read

Scope 2 Dual Method: Location-Based vs Market-Based

Understand why both methods are required, when each applies, and how SusDevOS calculates both simultaneously for every electricity record.


Why Two Methods?

The GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (2015) requires organisations to calculate and disclose both methods separately. You may not choose one and omit the other.

MethodWhat it measuresEmission factor used
Location-basedAverage emissions intensity of the regional/national electricity gridGrid average EF (e.g. UK national grid: ~0.207 kg CO₂e/kWh)
Market-basedEmissions from your contracted electricity supplySupplier-specific EF or energy attribute certificate (EAC) factor

The market-based figure reflects voluntary renewable electricity purchases (REGOs, GOs, RECs). If you hold certificates for 100% renewable supply, your market-based Scope 2 can be zero.


How SusDevOS Calculates Both

Every time you save a Scope 2 emissions record, SusDevOS stores two separate values:

  • EmissionsAmountLocationBased — calculated using the grid average factor for your entity's country
  • EmissionsAmountMarketBased — calculated using the supplier or EAC factor you supply

Neither value overwrites the other. Both are displayed in the record and included in inventory reports.


Setting Up Your Entity's Grid Factor

SusDevOS uses national grid emission factors (from DEFRA for UK entities, EPA eGRID for US, and Climatiq for others). The factor is applied automatically based on your entity's country setting.

To change or override the grid factor: Settings → Entity → Electricity Grid Factor.


Recording a Scope 2 Entry

  1. Go to Emissions → Records → New Record.
  2. Set Scope = 2.
  3. Enter the kWh consumed.
  4. For the market-based factor:
    • If you hold REGOs/GOs/RECs for this supply: select the zero-carbon tariff or enter 0.
    • If you have a supplier-specific declaration: enter the declared factor in kg CO₂e/kWh.
    • If you have no contractual instrument: SusDevOS uses the residual mix factor (same as location-based, or your country's published residual mix).
  5. Save. Both figures are calculated instantly.

In Reports

Your GHG Protocol PDF report and CSV export include both figures with clear labelling. Most voluntary reporting frameworks ask for market-based as the "primary" Scope 2 total, with location-based disclosed in a supplementary table.